History of cooperatives

Cooperative originally born in England, as a reaction to the industrial revolution in Britain which evolved into modern capitalism and facilitate humanitarian level, the lower layers. This situation encourages humanitarian Britain to create a society that promotes the common good without any exploitation of any party, for it developed an economic system that financed, managed, owned, and jointly initiated and the results are enjoyed together.

On December 12, 1844, the workers at Rechadele (UK) under the leadership of Carles Howard, established consumer cooperatives. Developing cooperative production in France and in Germany growing credit unions or savings and credit cooperatives.

Development of cooperatives in Indonesia is also the movements of the economy from the bottom to the welfare and prosperity of the people of the economically weak.

In the colonial period, attempts to perform the movement weak economy has done a governor of Purwakarta, Raden Aria Winata Madja (now established as the father of the People's Bank of Indonesia), also dr. Sutomo who in 1927 called for a cooperative becomes a symbol for the fight for the people's economy. Currently legislation also established cooperative for Indonesia by the Dutch, the name Regeving Inlandce Indonesia.

In the Japanese, Indonesian cooperatives in loss of function, the cooperative principles have been destroyed, because the cooperatives in Indonesia at that time commodity used for the benefit of the Japanese government since the cooperative gets poor performance in Indonesian society.

Milestone in the development of cooperatives after Indonesia's independence, when the first cooperative congress held in Tasikmalaya on 11-14 July 1947. The Congress managed to take the following decisions.
a. Set the date of July 12 as a day of cooperative
b. Establishing SOKRI (Central Organization of Indonesian Cooperatives) located in Tasikmalaya
c. Specifies that the cooperative principle is mutual cooperation
d. Conducting cooperative education for the public and officers of cooperatives.

The second cooperative Congress held in London in July 1953 (the date is not clear). The Congress succeeded in setting the following decisions.
a. Lifting Moh. Hatta as the father of the cooperative Indonesia
b. The central organization of cooperative people of Indonesia (SOKRI) the proposal was changed to RS Loyal Atmaja Indonesia Cooperative Council
c. Cooperatives are the subjects taught in schools.

Therefore, the political atmosphere in Indonesia at that time was very erratic, cooperative development, too, also suffered a setback. After the rebellion of 1966 G 30 S / PKI can be overcome, the cooperative movement to rise again in 1967 successfully issued Law 12 of 1967 on the main points of cooperatives in Indonesia.